The pronghorn (Antilocapridae: Antilocapra americana) is renowned for its extreme speed and endurance when running (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jR18k9c3MsE).
It is widely accepted that no animal on Earth exceeds the pronghorn in this combination.
Skeptical readers may perhaps suspect that the performance of the pronghorn my perhaps have been exaggerated.
However, the claims of speed and endurance are consistent with several other exceptional/extreme features, viz.
All of the above add up to a syndrome of apparent 'hypercursoriality' in the pronghorn.
This syndrome seems incongruous, because the predatory regime in which the pronghorn lives is less, not more, intense than that pertaining to 'plains game' in Africa and Eurasia.
https://www.perplexity.ai/search/Compare-the-maximum-RVcPX3W1Q5GD5EbGMHJ5Vw
The long-range visual vigilance of the pronghorn is indicated partly by fully lateral placement of the eyes on the head, permitting the pronghorn to scan the horizon behind it as well as in front and to the sides.
However, this in itself hardly differs from 'plains game' in Africa and Eurasia.
What distinguishes the pronghorn are
The long-distance signalling of the pronghorn is indicated partly by a conspicuously pale patch on the hindquarters (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/211220855 and https://www.flickr.com/photos/189038430@N06/53350736417/in/faves-58287925@N05/ and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-buck-antlers-hunting-pronghorn-nature-photo_4107882.html).
However, various other forms of 'plains game' have comparable features of colouration.
What is extreme in the case of the pronghorn is
The limited incidence of displays of individual fitness in the pronghorn is not categorically different from various 'plains game' in Africa. For example, Damaliscus spp. tend not to stot, despite being extremely cursorial among Bovidae.
However, what is odd in the case of the pronghorn is that
This raises the question:
Selenium:
https://www.horizons-mag.ch/2017/04/03/the-world-map-of-a-trace-element/
https://drkhorsesense.wordpress.com/2021/03/11/lose-your-fear-of-selenium/
https://poisonousplants.ansci.cornell.edu/toxicagents/selenium_map.html
https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70006713
https://customequinenutrition.com/blogs/nutrients/selenium-101
Comments
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qCMqW_rbiE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJ7NpPZup8w
https://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Antilocapra_americana.html
https://tpwd.texas.gov/education/resources/texas-junior-naturalists/watching-wildlife/pronghorn
https://animals.sandiegozoo.org/animals/pronghorn
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_19
https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/mammalia-2018-0080/html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=doB2QpW9yJs
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-pronghorn-buck-head-shot-86766805.html
https://www.letsgohunting.org/resources/articles/big-game/the-all-american-pronghorn/
Stotting
Scroll in https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOI/bulletins/3478106
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-young-fawn-fawn-color-canada-photo_3790346.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-pronghorn-meadow-nature-photo_12199788.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_ZWJ0WdrGo
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-geese-prairie-pronghorn-feeding-photo_9445573.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-saskatchewan-nature-antelope-wild-photo_12108879.html
Semi cross-walking
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-pronghorn-antilocapra-americana-wyoming-photo_12199760.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-grass-horizontal-united-states-photo_12199471.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-mammals-nature-north-america-photo_12199400.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-north-america-vertebrates-united-states-photo_12199450.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-at-yellowstone-pronghorn-north-america-united-states-photo_12199801.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-in-saskatchewan-field-north-american-saskatchewan-nature-photo_3790344.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-young-grazing-mammal-color-digital-photo_3790345.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-young-fawn-antilocapra-americanus-field-horizontal-photo_3790349.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelopes-in-field-field-horizontal-specie-photo_3790358.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-young-fawn-field-hunting-adult-photo_3790348.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelopes-in-field-antilocapra-americanus-restricted-specie-photo_3790359.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-young-fawn-north-american-adult-wildlife-photo_3790347.html and https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-and-young-fawn-antilocapra-americanus-field-horizontal-photo_3790349.html
https://pngtree.com/freebackground/pronghorn-antelope-saskatchewan-wildlife-antelope-animal-photo_12108423.html
https://wyofile.com/new-study-reframes-fence-impacts-on-deer-pronghorn/
STOTTING IN EUDORCAS THOMSONI
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/herd-of-gazelles-runs-and-jumps-in-the-african-stock-video-footage/1181664955?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/young-gazelles-gallop-in-a-grassy-meadow-stock-video-footage/1181666055?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/gazelle-standing-on-open-plain-turning-running-news-footage/558215153?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/thomsons-gazelle-runs-away-on-savannah-masai-mara-stock-video-footage/605958725?adppopup=true
STOTTING IN ANTILOPE CERVICAPRA
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/blackbuck-antelope-pronks-on-grassland-velavadar-stock-video-footage/918301414?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/blackbuck-antelope-pronks-on-grassland-velavadar-stock-video-footage/918318364?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/blackbuck-antelope-pronks-on-grassland-velavadar-stock-video-footage/918321376?adppopup=true
FOR COMPARISON WITH IMPALAS
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/blackbuck-antelope-pronk-on-grassland-velavadar-stock-video-footage/918305232?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/photo/gemsbok-antelope-royalty-free-image/185220717?phrase=gazelle+jumping&adppopup=true
Gazella granti
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/photo/grants-gazelle-in-masai-mara-national-reserve-royalty-free-image/520578272?phrase=gazelle+jumping&adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/photo/motion-blur-of-springbok-pronking-through-tall-royalty-free-image/521183826?phrase=gazelle+jumping&adppopup=true
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iIigVlcxwps
Ambling in Antilocapra americana
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/view-of-pronghorn-antelope-at-custer-state-park-in-south-stock-footage/sfw21830003?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/deer-in-meadow-animal-in-the-wild-stock-footage/1308350586?adppopup=true
Eudorcas thomsoni walking
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/solitary-antelope-walks-across-the-grassy-savanna-stock-video-footage/1191780093?adppopup=true
https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/video/fawn-walking-alone-roaming-at-dry-forest-area-wide-shot-stock-footage/1337402165?adppopup=true
https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/milewski/91506-the-mule-deer-and-the-damalisk-a-paradox-of-stotters#
https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/milewski/90651-illustrations-of-stotting-gaits-in-cervine-deer-cervidae-cervinae#
The white panel on the flanks of the pronghorn is less conspicuous than the acetabulo-ischiopygal bleeze when the figure is standing.
However, the converse is true when the figure is lying, in sternal procumbency.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/210624355
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/211132956
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206866146
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